The main Islamic coins of this era were struck by Ottoman, Iranian and Mughal leaders, though European silver coinage began to dominate
Circulating with competing European coins, the gold funduq, al zad i - mahbub, muhur and tuman were still related to the size and weight of the ducat and would all have been familiar to traders.
Of the European currencies, the crown - sized Spanish silver pillar dollar was common but it was an Australian silver coin which was to become the most popul ar and celebrated coin of the age.
The Maria Theresa Thaler weighing 28 gms became a transnational currency that could be used without exchange controls and with the 'frozen date' of 1780, con tinued to be minted for export to the Middle East for another 200 years.
The Maria Theresa Thaler weighing 28 gms became a transnational currency that could be used without exchange controls and with the 'frozen date' of 1780, con tinued to be minted for export to the Middle East for another 200 years.
Ottoman
 Ottoman - zar i mahbub Mustafa III, Misr 'Ali Bey Issue |
 Ottoman - zolota / 30 para Mustafa III, Islambul |
Shahs
 Qajar Shahs- qiran Muhammad Shah Dar al Khilafat Tihran |
 Qajar Shahs - tuman Nasir al din Shah Dar al Saltinat Isfahan |
Indian
 East India Company - rupee Madras Presidency Arkat (Madras mint), ry 6 Issued 1807 |
 East India Company - rupee Bengal Presidency Farrukhabad (Benares mint), ry45 Issued 1820 - 1831 |
European
 France - louis d'or Louis XVI Paris, 1774 - 1793 A.D |
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New World Spanish and Venetian
 Spanish Colonial - pillar & reales Charles III Mexico City 1760 - 1789 A.D |
 Venetian Republic - zecchino Alvise IV Mocenigo Venice 1773 - 1778 A.D |